Civilisations
Browse historical cultures
Ubaid Culture
Late Neolithic-Chalcolithic culture of Mesopotamia preceding the Uruk period.
Ugaritic Culture
Late Bronze Age Levantine city culture known for alphabetic cuneiform texts.
Ukrainian Culture
East Slavic culture shaped by Kyivan Rus, Cossack, Orthodox, and modern national traditions.
Urartian Civilization
Iron Age kingdom around Lake Van in the Armenian highlands.
Uruk Culture
Late prehistoric Mesopotamian culture associated with early urbanization and writing.
Uyghur Khaganate
Turkic steppe khaganate centred in Mongolia.
Uzbek Culture
Turkic Central Asian culture shaped by oasis, steppe, and Persianate traditions.