Civilisations

Browse historical cultures

Hopewell Culture

Middle Woodland exchange and ceremonial tradition of eastern North America.

Howiesons Poort

Southern African Middle Stone Age industry notable for backed blades and symbolic behaviour evidence.

Huastec Culture

Maya-related culture of the Gulf coast region.

Hungarian Culture

Central European culture formed around Magyar settlement and the Hungarian kingdom.

Hunnic Culture

Steppe warrior confederations influential in late antique Eurasia.

Hurrian Culture

Ancient Near Eastern culture influential in northern Mesopotamia, Syria, and Anatolia.

Iberian Culture

Pre-Roman culture of eastern and southern Iberia.

Ife Culture

Yoruba city and artistic-cultural centre famous for naturalistic sculpture.

Ifugao Culture

Highland Philippine culture associated with rice terraces and ritual traditions.

Igbo Culture

West African culture of southeastern Nigeria with diverse village and regional traditions.

Illyrian Culture

Ancient western Balkan cultural-linguistic grouping.

Inca Civilization

Andean imperial civilization centred on Cusco.

Indo-Greek Kingdoms

Hellenistic kingdoms in Bactria and northwest India.

Indo-Parthian Kingdom

Parthian-linked kingdom in Afghanistan and northwest India.

Indo-Scythian Culture

Iranian steppe-origin rulers and cultures in northwest South Asia.

Indonesian Culture

Modern national culture drawing on Austronesian, Indic, Islamic, Dutch colonial, and regional traditions.

Indus Valley Civilization

Bronze Age urban civilization of the Indus and Ghaggar-Hakra regions.

Inuit Culture

Arctic Indigenous culture with ancient and modern continuity.

Irish Gaelic Culture

Gaelic culture of Ireland spanning medieval kingdoms and modern cultural continuity.

Islamic Golden Age Culture

Scholarly, urban, and imperial culture of the medieval Islamic world.